Bohemia Antique Glass:

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Antique glass bottles

In ancient times, simple shapes were made which were mostly Antique glass bottles, bottles, flacons and carafes, and less often, bowls and goblets.  
Most of historical antique glass bottle shapes were imitated from ceramics.  
The Antique glass bottles were very expensive and represented the wealth of its owner.  Bottles and flacons were used for perfumed oils, perfumes, etc. while bowls were used to decorate the tables and the small goblets were used to drink from.  The ceramics were mainly used and the glass was used only for special occasions. 

Baroque Art Overview:

Stylistic and art basis of Baroque, Baroque art can already be sought in the mannerism of the court art of historical epoch of  Emperor Rudolph II. As a style of art, it was closely linked with reformation ideology, however, the Baroque art asserted itself in Central Europe only as late as in the second half of the 17th century, after the end of The Thirty Year War and victory of Catholicism, represented by the Hapsburg dynasty.
Peoples’ self-confidence and faith in their previous values were shattered by chaos, discrepancies and suffering caused by the Thirty Years War. That was the environment in which the Bohemian Baroque art was born, which made it its aim to stun with splendor and dazzle with exalted movement. Except for ostentatious beauty, the Baroque art compositions celebrating the Lord and the saints reflected human feelings. 
All that, was reflected in its way and also in the art of glassmaking. New baroque art style was influenced by the invention of engraving,  linked up with the tradition of the glyptiz (cutting or engraving in stone). It is assumed, that the crystal was engraved for the first time at the court of  Emperor Rudolph II. 
Masters from Netherlands influenced shapes of historical Bohemian Baroque art cups. They worked in  Count Buquoy’s works at Dobrá Voda in the Nove Hrady estate in South Bohemia. They brought with them the shape of the spherical cup on the tall, slender foot consisting of several successive nodes of Venetian provenance, which was later copied in the Netherlands.

In the beginning of the 18th century, the shape of the goblets changed. The actual cup was taller, more-like conical shaped, while the foot was shorter, and very often decorated with facet cut (cutting of flat surfaces - facets). Very often, the goblets were with lids (so-called “Balustroid goblet style” ) and appeared for the first time in Sumava region in south-western Bohemia. The diamond engraving made it possible.

In the second half of the 17th century, the goblets were usually decorated with the late Renaissance compositions of birds or other animals situated in a simple landscape (represented by simple geometrical shapes), hunting scenes and less often figural motifs. Greater differentiation of motifs, as well as the improvement of the quality of the engraved décor, took place after 1700. The resulting impression fully respected the Baroque artistic feeling with its play of light and shade, excessive ornaments, folded draperies, and yet it was bright and linearly clear.

Baroque art also brought new shapes of hollow crystal. Apart from standard glasses, bottles and beakers,  there  were also representative pieces – conical or slender flutes. A boat shaped cup was characteristic  (intended for sweets) or various peculiar bottles. The shape was actually very simple, in order to afford a maximum of surface for exacting engraving and cutting.  Cut engraved Baroque art was not the only type produced in Bohemia. 
The production of double-walled flutes is a testament of the advanced technology of Bohemian glassmaking. 
The idea to make double-walled glass was not new, having appeared already in the Antiquity. The manufacture was described in some theoretical writings but it was brought to perfection in so far unknown glassworks of northern Bohemia in the first half of the 18th century.

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